What is Meditation?
Meditation is a practice where an individual uses a technique – such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity – to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state. It is often used for stress reduction, to improve self-awareness, and to cultivate inner peace. While often associated with Eastern spiritual traditions, its principles and benefits are widely applicable across different belief systems and secular contexts.
Best Books for Complete Beginners
For those new to meditation, starting with accessible guides can demystify the practice. Evelyn Underhill's 'Practical Mysticism' offers a clear introduction to the principles of inner experience, making it suitable for general readers. Kahlil Gibran's 'The Prophet' provides poetic reflections on life and spirituality that can inspire a meditative mindset. Robert J. Evans' 'Dorothy's Mystical Adventures in Oz' offers a unique, allegorical approach to understanding inner journeys. Jiddu Krishnamurti's 'Education as Service' touches upon self-awareness and observation, foundational to meditation.
Intermediate Reading
Moving beyond the basics, intermediate readers can explore texts that delve deeper into specific traditions and concepts. Leo Tolstoy's 'The Kingdom of God Is Within You' (1894) challenges conventional religious thought and points towards an inner spiritual authority. Richard Maurice Bucke's 'Cosmic Consciousness' (1901) examines higher states of awareness, providing a framework for understanding profound meditative experiences. 'Light, Life, and Love: Selections from the German Mystics of the Middle Ages' offers insights from historical contemplative figures.
Classical / Advanced Texts
Advanced students will find value in primary sources and foundational philosophical works. 'The Upanishads', translated by Swami Paramananda, represent core texts of Hindu philosophy, exploring the nature of reality and the self. Thomas à Kempis' 'The Imitation of Christ' is a classic of Christian devotion, focusing on inner discipline and spiritual union. 'The Cell of Self-Knowledge' presents early English mystical treatises, offering historical perspectives on contemplative practice. Bertrand Russell's 'Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays' provides a philosophical counterpoint, examining the role of reason and intuition.
Reading Order — Step by Step
Begin with accessible introductions like Evelyn Underhill's 'Practical Mysticism' or Kahlil Gibran's 'The Prophet' for Weeks 1-2. In Month 2, transition to Leo Tolstoy's 'The Kingdom of God Is Within You' (1894) and Richard Maurice Bucke's 'Cosmic Consciousness' (1901) to deepen your understanding of spiritual and psychological states. For Month 3 and beyond, engage with foundational texts such as 'The Upanishads' and Thomas à Kempis' 'The Imitation of Christ'. Consider exploring 'The Cell of Self-Knowledge' for historical context or Bertrand Russell's 'Mysticism and Logic' for philosophical depth.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which meditation book should I read first?
For a gentle introduction, start with Evelyn Underhill's 'Practical Mysticism'. It offers clear guidance on cultivating inner awareness without assuming prior knowledge. Kahlil Gibran's 'The Prophet' is also an excellent starting point for its poetic and philosophical approach to life's deeper questions.
Are these books religious?
Many of the texts draw from religious or spiritual traditions, such as Christianity ('The Imitation of Christ') and Hinduism ('The Upanishads'). However, books like 'Practical Mysticism' and 'Cosmic Consciousness' explore universal principles of inner experience applicable to a secular audience.
What is the difference between meditation and contemplation?
Meditation often involves focusing the mind on a single point or object to achieve calm and clarity. Contemplation is a deeper, more passive form of reflection, often involving a sustained, loving gaze on a spiritual truth or divine presence, allowing insights to arise naturally.
How do I start practicing meditation?
Begin with short, regular sessions focusing on your breath. Find a quiet space, sit comfortably, and gently bring your attention back to your breath whenever your mind wanders. Books like 'Practical Mysticism' offer structured guidance for beginners.
What is 'Cosmic Consciousness'?
Richard Maurice Bucke's 'Cosmic Consciousness' (1901) describes a hypothetical form of consciousness that transcends ordinary awareness. Bucke believed it represented a higher stage of human evolution, achievable through intense spiritual or intellectual experiences, often facilitated by practices akin to deep meditation.
Are there secular approaches to meditation?
Yes, many modern approaches focus on mindfulness and stress reduction without religious context. While some books listed have spiritual roots, their techniques for focus and self-awareness can be adapted. 'Practical Mysticism' by Evelyn Underhill is particularly noted for its accessible, non-denominational approach.
What are early English mystical treatises?
These are writings from medieval England, often by anonymous authors, exploring direct spiritual experience and union with God. 'The Cell of Self-Knowledge' collects several examples, offering insight into the historical development of Christian contemplative practices and their emphasis on inner transformation.
