Leszek Gardeła

In Germanic paganism, a seeress is a woman said to have the ability to foretell future events and perform sorcery. They are also referred to with many other names meaning "prophetess", "staff bearer" and "sorceress", and they are frequently called witches both in early sources and in modern scholarship. In Norse mythology the seeress is usually referred to as völva or vala. Seeresses were an expression of the pre-Christian shamanic traditions of Europe, and they held an authoritative position in…